Becoil control of firearms



Den 26, 1939. R, H s, HUGHES 2,184,595

RECOIL CONTROL 0F FIREARMS Filed Janf; 1o, 195e 2 sheets-sheet 1 f a l? IZ j i l A Z7 M @39 @WI u Q/aww i n awww" Dc. 26, 1939. R. H. s. HRUGHEs 2,134,595

RECOIL CONTROL`OF FIREARMS Filed Jan. 10, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet? gmc/Mo@ @meer #mf/f5 www@ fil

'Patented Dec. 26, 139

i: foon, coN'raor. oF i Robert Hf S. Hughes, Baltimore, Md.

one-hair a Milam nobel-ts, chi'cc, mi.

Application January 10, 1936, Serial No. 58,5%

Glaims.

This invention relates to a device for minimizing recoil in'guns which are adapted to fire projectiles. The device comprises a metal body having a gas chamber therein and having a cylindrical bore, adapted to receive the muzzle end of a gun barrel, extending inwardly from the rear end of said device and forming the inlet to the chamber, the forward part of said bore constituting part of said chamber, said device having a seal port at the forward end of the chamber in axial alinement with said cylindrical bore and having an internal shoulder extending laterally from the inner end of the seal port to theside wall of the chamber, which wall ares rearwardly and outwardly from the periphery oi' said 'shoulder and closes the forwardpart of the chamber, adjacent the shoulder, against the lateral escape of gas. The device has a rearwardly facing external shoulder to the rear of the aforesaid shoulder in the chamber and to the rear of the forward end of said cylindrical bore and has a plurality oi. discharge ports extending rearwardly and outwardly from the chamber in line with said internal shoulder and extending through the external shoulder. When thegun is ilred the projectile passes through the chamber and the seal port, and the gases and still burning products of ccmbustion from the gun barrel, entering the chamber, create a very high gas pressure therein, and

the gases discharging through the rearwardly and outwardly directed ports against the atmosphere react against the shoulder in the chamber and greatly reduce the'recoil. An annular flange on the rear end of the body constitutes a guard which prevents the discharged gases from interfering with the person using the re arm. To eliminate the flash from the gun fire a ne screen may be conveniently applied to the device by securing it to the peripheries of the external shoulder and the guard.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows in side view one of my recoil.

devices applied to a rie barrel; i

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the recoil device shown in Figure l, a portion of the rie barrel being shown in side view;

Figure 3 is an en d view oi' the recoil device looking from right to left in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a central longitudinal section through a recoil controlling device. the same as in Figure 2, except that the guard, instead of being integral with the device is shown as a sepa- -rate part attached to the device;

y.Iiigureiiisaviewthe sameasFigure4,but

showing the guard attached in a diderent manner. l

Figure 6 is a view the same as in Figure 2, except that the guard is shown as a separate part:

Figure 7 is a view the same as in FigureZ, showing a recoil device in which the discharge ports'are provided only on the Ytop and sides of v the device; f

Figure 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Figure 7; i

Figure 9 is` a. longitudinal section through a recoil device, the same as in Figures 1 to 3, but having a ne mesh wire screen applied to eliminate ash. and

Figure 10 is a section on the line i-l of Figure 9.

Referring to Figures' l to 3, inclusive of the drawings, A indicates fmy recoil device which is shown attached to theimuzzle end of a rie barrel i; 2 indicates the ooden stock of the riile, 8 indicates a bayonet attaching part, a link `through which the rest strap or the rifle is adapted to pass, and indicates the front sight of the riile.

The recoil device A is shown in Figures 1 to 3, attached to the muzzle end oi.' the riile barrel. This device, made in one piece, comprises a cylindrical part i@ having aradial ilange i8 at its rear end and Joined vat its forward end to a conical part 8 which has a cylindrical extension 8 at its apex. 'I'he body has a gas chamber therein, indicated generally by the/reference'letter 9. The cylindrical portion i0 of the body has a. cylindrical bore I3 extending inwardly from its rear end adapted to receive the muzzle end of the rie, this bore constituting'the inlet end of the chamber, and the forward part of the bore constituting a part of the chamber. As shown, the end portion of the riile barrel has external threads 6 adapted to engage corresponding threads Iii in the wall of the bore I3, so that the device can be threaded on to the barrel. The barrel extends only part way into the boreA i3 and the part o! the bore in front oi ,the barrel constitutes part of the' chamber. A` seal port Il extends irom the chamber through the cylindrical extension 8Il in axial aiinement with the bore i3 and also with the bore of the riile when the device is tted thereon.

A shoulder IB .extends laterally from the inner end of the seal port to the `side wall-of the chamber, which wall slopes rearwardly andoutwardly from the periphery. of theshoulder it alsv lilil l to an annular shoulder' I4 which connects the forward portion of the part Il with the rearward end of the conical part 8 of the body. A

` circular series of discharge ports I 2 extend from the chamber through the shoulder i4. these ports being in line with the shoulder II and having their outer peripheries substantially in line with the periphery of the .shoulder Ii.

In operation when the gun is fired, the'bullet passes through the chamber and into vand through the seal port. and as the chamber is relatively small, the gases and still burning products of combustion entering the chamber create an extremely high pressure therein, and thesegases discharge through the rearwardly and outwardly directed ports against the atmosphere and react against the internal shoulder I5 at the forward end'of the chamber, great- 1y eliminating recoil. In order to prevent these -rearwardly and outwardly directed gases and products of combustion from interfering with the operator ofthe gun, the radial flange Il is provided on the rear `end of the device, this flange constituting a guard for that purpose and projecting outward far enough to prevent the products of combustion from being driven oil parallel with the gun barrel, but not far enough to be in line with the outwardly inclined discharge ports.v

In Figure 4 the recoil device .is the same as in the previously described figures except that the guard 22 is aseparate lthreaded onto the body, instead of. being integral therewith. In

Figure 5 the guard is the same as in the previous figures, except that the guard 23 is a separate part and swaged on to the body. Figure 6 is the same as Figure 2, except that the guard 28 is separate from thek body and clamped be tween the body and the part 21 which supports the sight 5. The recoil device shown in Figures 7 and 8 is the same in all respects as the device shown in Figure 2, except that in the latter iigure -the'discharge ports are arranged in a circular series, whereas in Figures 'I and 8 these ports 3i extend onlyiar'ound the top and sides of the device, the lower part I2 of the body being free fromsuch ports. This is of advantage where theoperator of the rifle is shooting prone as there is no downward discharge of the gases which might raise dust when the rifle barrel is .close to the ground. v

In Figures 9 and 10 a fine mesh wire screen 33 arranged in cylindrical form is secured at its edges to the peripheries of the guard '20 and having an internal shoulder extending laterally from the inner end of the seal port tothe sideY wall ofthe chamber, the side wall of the cham-'- ber flaring rearwardly andoutwardly from the periphery of said shoulder and closing the forward part of the chamber adJacent said shoul-l deragainst ythe lateral escape of gas... said device having a rearwardLv facing external shoulatascos derto the rear of the shoulder in the chamber and to the rear of the forward end of said cylindrical bore and having a plurality of discharge ports extending rearwardly and outwardly from said chamber, the outer perlpheries lof said ports 5 being substantially in line with the periphery of said internal shoulder, and said ports extending l through said external shoulder.

2. A recoil controlling device for guns adapted to nre projectiles comprising a body having a'10 gas chamber therein and having a cylindrical bore. adapted to receive the muzzle of a gun barrel, extending inwardly from the rear end of said device, the forward part of said bore constituting part of said chamber, said device hav- 15 ing a seal port at the forward end of said chamber in axial allnement with said bore and having an internal shoulder extending laterally from the inner end of the seal port to the side wall of the chamber, the side wall of the cham- 90 ber flaring rearwardly and outwardly from the periphery of said shoulder and closing the forward part of the chamber adjacent said shoulder against the lateral escapeofgas, said device having a rearwardly facing external shoulder to 25 .the rear of the shoulder in the chamber and to the rear of the forward end of said cylindrical bore, and having a plurality of discharge `ports extending rearwardly and outwardly from said chamber, the outer peripheries of said ports be- 30 ing substantially in line with the periphery of said internal shoulder and said ports extending through said external shoulder, and an annular guard projecting radially outward from the rear end of said device. 3. A recoil controlling device for guns adapted g to nre projectiles comprising a body having a gas chamber therein and having a cylindrical boe, adapted to receive the mumle end of a gun barrel, extending inwardly from the rear end of 40 said device, the forward part of said bore con' stituting part of said chamber, said device having a seal port at the forward end of said chamber in axial allnement with said bore and having an internal shoulder extending laterally from the inner endof the seal port to the side wall of the chamber, the side wall of the chamber flaring rearwardly and outwardly. fromv the pe- `riphery of said shoulder and closing the forward part of the chamber adjacent said shoulder against the lateral escape of gas, said device having a rearwardly facing external shoulder to the rear of the shoulder in the chamber and to the rear of the forward end of said cylindrical bore, and having an arcuate series of discharge ports extending rearwardly and outwardlyv from said chamber, said ports being located at the top and sides of said device only, the outer peripheries of said ports being substantially in line with the periphery of said internal shoulder m and said ports extending through said external shoulder.

' 4. A recoil controlling device for guns adapted to re projectiles comprising a body having a lgas chamber therein and having a cylindrical 'i5A bore, adapted to receive the muzzle end of a gun barrel, extending inwardly from the rear end of said. device, the forward part of said bore constltuting part of said chamber, said device hav- :ing a seal port at theV forward end of vsaid chamber in axial allnement with said bore and having aninternai shoulder extending laterally from the inner end of the seal port to the side wall of .the chambenthe side 'wall of the chamber ilaring rearwardly and outwardly from the peripheryof 1| rearwardly and outwardly from said chamber,

the outer peripheries of said ports being substantially in line with the periphery of said internal shoulder and said ports extending through said external shoulder, an annular guard projecting radially outward from the rear end o! said device, and a ne mesh wire screen of cylindrical form secured to the margins of the guard and the exterior shoulder.

5. A recoil controlling device for guns adapted to tlre projectiles comprising a bodyhaving a gas chamber therein and having a cylindrical bore, adapted to receive the muzzle end of a gun barrel. extending inwardly from the rear end of i said device, the `forward part of said bore' constituting part of said chamber, said device having a seal port at the forward end of said chamber in axial allnement with said bore and having an internal shoulder extending laterally from the inner end of the seal port to the sidewall of the chamber, the side wall of the chamber flaring rearwardly and outwardly from .the periphery of said shoulder and closing the forward part of the chamber adjacent said shoulder against the lateral escape of gas, said device having a rearwardly facing external shoulder to the rear of the shoulder in the chamber and to the rear of the forward end of said cylindrical bore and v having a plurality of straight discharge ports extending rearwardly and outwardly from saidk chamber through said external shoulder, said ports being in line with said internal shoulder. ROBERT H.'S. HUGHES. 

